Buffing compounds



Patented Oct. 9, IQSI Q. UNITED, STATES OFFICE BUFFING COMPOUNDS Clarence B. F'. Young, Leonia,-N. .L, assignor to National Southern Products Corporation, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing.

spar, precipitated chalk, tripoli, bentonite, or

others which are selected for their peculiar physical properties, and for their effect on the material to be polished. The use of straight fatty acids as the vehicle for the abrasive is expensive, while a bufing compound employing non-saponifiable mineral oils as the vehicle is objectionable for the reason that the compound is diflicult to remove or clean after the polishing is finished.

I have found that the ideal buffing compound is one which is solid-at ordinary temperatures, is saponifiable, and has a titer, or solidification point, of from 40-44 C. Such a compound has the property of retaining the abrasive on the buffing wheel and may be readily washed out of the irregularities of the surface being polished with an alkali solution when the work is finished.

Considerable effort has been heretofore exerted in an attempt to find a satisfactory, more economical substitute for the fatty acid in bufling compounds. The use of tall oil, which is a relatively cheap by-product of the kraft paper industry has been proposed, but being liquid at ordinary temperatures is not retained on the buifing wheel and thus does not provide a satisfactory cutting rate. Soaps made from tall oil with added abrasives have been mentioned in the prior art, but are unsatisfactory for use as bufiing compounds for the reason that they are relatively hard and for that reason cannot be retained on a bufiing wheel.

I have discovered that tall oil may be mixed with a saturated fatty acid, and especially with a hydrogenated fatty acid, and a satisfactory, economical vehicle for an abrasive be thus provided.

Tall oil is a fatty acid-rosin mixture produced as a sodium soap in the digesting of pine wood chips with an alkali. Upon acidification of the soap crude tall oil is produced, which may be refined by distillation or solvent extraction. The

Application January 24, 1949, Serial No. 72,539

' 6Claims. (o1. 51 29s) 2 analysis of tall oil varies with the wood from which it is produced and with its treatment. A typical analysis of solvent refined tall oil is as follows:

Specific gravity, C 0.9763

Viscosity, Sayb. Univ. 210 F. sec 118.5 Viscosity, Gardner-Holdt V-Z Flash point ---OF 395 Fire point F 440 Color, Lovibond 1 in 70 yellow-18.8 red Color, Hellige scale 10-12 Moisture per cent 0.24 Ash do 0.003 Acid number 166.3 Saponification value 174.2 Rosin acid number 84.4 Rosin acids per cent 45.4 Fatty acids do 47.8 Sterols do 6.60 Iodine number (Wijs) 142.5

I prefer to use solvent refined tall oil although tall oil refined by other methods, or even crude.

' tall oil, may be employed. I also prefer to em- Example I Tripoli bar:

Per cent by weight Once ground Rose Tripoli 68 Stearic acid 22 Tall oil 10 Example II Cut and color bar:

Per cent by weight Abrasive (amorphous silica) '75 Stearic acid 16 Tall oil 95 Example III Aluminum oxide type:

Abrasive (aluminum oxide) Stearic acid 14- Tall oil Per cent by weight:

Iron oxide 87 Stearic acid 10 Tall oil 3 The ingredients are mixed in the usual mam ner and the product is molded or cut into bars, or made into any suitable form for use. In all the above compounds the titer, is from 40 to 45" C. It will be noted from the above that as the percentage of the abrasive or polishing compo-onent increases, the tall oil in relationto fatty acid decreases, varying from approximately onethird the amount of fatty acid to approximately one-half. If the fatty acid coifip'orleiit be satii rated by hydrogenation to a titer, r solidifica tion point of from 55 to 60 C. the percentage of tall oil may be considerably increased, it being borne in mind that the titer of the final product is preferably from 40 to 45 C, V

Following is an example of a bufi'ing, compound employing a hydrogenated fatty acid and-tall oil as the vehicle for the abrasive:

In addition to thefattyacids and tall 'oil set forth in the foregoing examples it is contemplated that other components ell known in the art, inay be added to modify the buffing action of s the compound; j as is well understood:

While I have described several examples of h'ufling compounds made in accordance with my invention, it will be understood that myinven= tion is not limited thereto, but is susceptible of various other changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof,. and that the only limitations, to be imposed thereupon are those specifically set forth in the appended claims;

What I claim is:

1. A vehicle for the abrasive in a buffing compound consisting essentially of a mixture of a higher saturated fatty acid and tall oil in which the tall oil component varies from approximately one-third by weight the amount of the fatty acid to an amount equal that .of the fatty acid.

, 2. A vehicle as :set forth in claim 4 in which the fatty acid is hydrogenated to a titer of from to C.

3. Avehicle as set forth in claim 4 in which tlifatty "acid is hydrogenated to a titer of from 55?..to 65,C.,and. in;which the tall oil is substan- Q tia'llyequal in amount to that of the fatty acid.

4= Fcr use as a vehicle for the abrasive in a bufiing compound, a mixture consisting essentijally'of a higlfer'saturated fatty acid and tall oil, and having a titer of from 40 to 45 C.

5%13'11 a buffing compound, an abrasive, a vehicle consisting essentially of a mixture of a higher saturated fatty acid and tall oil, the .tal1 oil var in from one=third by weight the amount of the saturated fatty acid to an amount equal thereto, and "said vehicle having a titer of from 40 to 45 0-; r

6. A bufii ng compound as defined inclaim 5 in which the abrasive comprises from 68% to 87% by weight of the compound;

CLARENCE B. F; YOUNG.

ItEFEaENcEs cIiED following references are of record in'th file cf this patent: 

